demonstrations:sympathetic_resonance_tuning_forks
Sympathetic Resonance with Tuning Forks
Materials: ★★☆ Available in most school laboratories or specialist stores
Difficulty: ★☆☆ Can be easily done by most teenagers
Safety: ★☆☆ Minimal safety procedures required
Categories: Sound, Global Systems
Alternative titles:
Summary
When one tuning fork is struck and placed near another of the same frequency, the second fork begins to vibrate without being struck.
Procedure
- Place two tuning forks of the same pitch on a table, with one mounted on a wooden resonance box.
- Strike the free tuning fork gently to produce a clear tone.
- Hold it near the mounted tuning fork for a few seconds.
- Stop the vibration of the first fork by lightly touching it.
- Listen for the sound continuing from the mounted fork, which is vibrating sympathetically.
- Optionally, repeat the demonstration with a string instrument, showing how strings vibrate in sympathy when a matching tuning fork is struck nearby.
Links
Sympathetic Resonance - Michael McPeck:
📄 Tuning Fork - Adjustable Sympathetic - Set of 2 (also describes procedure) - Modern Teaching Aids: https://www.teaching.com.au/product/tuning-fork-8211-adjustable-sympathetic-8211-set-of-2?srsltid=AfmBOoqMOjT1E66iwWPgPP7BCzOSgFsNBDss8v_GECKzskpLBqTh-xqt
Variations
- Try tuning forks tuned to different intervals (octave, fifth, third) to compare resonance strength.
- Demonstrate with a guitar or piano: strike a tuning fork near a string of the same pitch and listen for the string vibrating.
- Use multiple tuning forks to show selective resonance - only the one with the same frequency responds.
- Use an analogy for earthquake waves propagating through the Earth's crust
Safety Precautions
- Strike tuning forks against a rubber striker or padded surface, not hard objects, to prevent damage.
- Handle tuning forks carefully; avoid dropping them on hard surfaces.
Questions to Consider
- Why does the second tuning fork vibrate without being struck?
- Why is the effect strongest at unison and octaves compared to other intervals?
- How does sympathetic resonance enhance the sound of string instruments like pianos or sitars?
- What factors determine whether two objects can resonate sympathetically?
- Can sympathetic resonance occur outside of music (e.g., in bridges or buildings)?