Making Light by Rubbing Quartz
Materials: ★★★ Requires materials not commonly found in school laboratories
Difficulty: ★☆☆ Can be easily done by most teenagers
Safety: ★☆☆ Minimal safety procedures required
Categories: Crystals, Light, Rocks
Alternative titles: Real Glowing Rocks, Triboluminescence
Summary
In a dark room, rub or strike two pieces of clear quartz together to produce brief flashes of light and a faint odor. This visible glow is triboluminescence - light emitted when crystals are stressed, fractured, or rubbed.
Procedure
- Collect two clean, dry pieces of clear quartz large enough to hold comfortably. Inspect for sharp edges and brush off any grit.
- Darken the room completely and allow your eyes to adapt for 1 to 2 minutes.
- Hold one quartz in each hand with the flattest faces facing each other.
- Press the faces together firmly and rub or slide with moderate pressure. Alternatively, tap the pieces together gently, edge to face.
- Watch for short, blue white sparks and glows at the contact point. Note any faint sharp smell in the air near the stones.
Links
Making Cold Light From Crystals - The Action Lab:
The Discovery of Crystal Light! | Triboluminescence - Plasma Channel:
📄 Real Glowing Rocks - Science Fun For Everyone: https://www.sciencefun.org/kidszone/experiments/real-glowing-rocks/
Variations
- Compare quartz types: clear rock crystal vs milky quartz vs smoky quartz.
- Chill one sample in a refrigerator or warm it slightly in your hands, then repeat to test temperature effects..
- Test humidity: perform on a dry day vs a humid day to see if moisture reduces the effect.
Safety Precautions
- Wear safety glasses to protect against chips or shards. Do not strike hard enough to shatter the quartz.
- Inspect and smooth sharp edges if needed. Handle fragments with care and avoid creating dust.
- Work over a tray or soft cloth so dropped stones do not crack or bounce.
- Keep fingers clear of pinch points when rubbing stones together.
- If you try sugar or candy, keep fragments out of eyes and do not chew very hard candies if that poses a dental risk.
Questions to Consider
- What produces the light when you rub quartz? (Mechanical stress separates charges in the crystal; rapid recombination creates tiny electrical discharges that excite air molecules, which emit light.)
- Why is the glow bluish white? (Excited nitrogen and oxygen in air emit mainly in the blue ultraviolet region, which appears bluish to our eyes.)
- Why might clear quartz glow more than cloudy quartz? (Fewer impurities and less internal scattering let more of the light escape to your eyes.)
- What causes the smell during the demo? (Small electrical discharges can generate ozone and other reactive oxygen species, giving a sharp odor.)
- How would humidity change the effect? (Moist air and surface films conduct away charge, reducing the voltage build up and dimming the glow.)