demonstrations:liquid_nitrogen_teapot
Liquid Nitrogen Teapot
Materials: ★★★ Requires materials not commonly found in school laboratories
Difficulty: ★★☆ Can be done by science teachers
Safety: ★★★ Only to be attempted with adequate safety procedures and trained staff
Categories: Liquid Nitrogen
Alternative titles: Liquid Nitrogen Tea Kettle, Cryogenic Whistling Kettle
Summary
A whistling-style teapot filled with liquid nitrogen begins to boil vigorously, producing a dramatic fog and whistle sound even in a cold environment such as a freezer.
Procedure
- Obtain a whistling-style metal teapot (the type that whistles when steam escapes).
- Place the teapot in a safe, open, and well-ventilated area.
- Using insulated gloves and a cryogenic-safe container, carefully pour liquid nitrogen into the teapot.
- Step back and observe as the liquid nitrogen rapidly boils, releasing cold vapor.
- The escaping nitrogen gas will pass through the whistle, creating a sound effect.
Links
Liquid Nitrogen and the Tea Kettle Mystery - Jefferson Lab:
Screaming Teapot - UTA Science Ambassadors:
Variations
- Use different containers with whistles or openings to produce varied sound effects.
- Shine a flashlight or laser pointer through the nitrogen fog for a dramatic effect in shows.
Safety Precautions
- Safety glasses required.
- Wear cryogenic gloves when handling liquid nitrogen.
- Use the demonstration only in a well-ventilated space to prevent oxygen displacement.
- Never seal the teapot or cover the spout - pressure buildup could cause an explosion.
- Keep a safe distance after pouring to avoid splashes and frostbite.
- Do not attempt to drink from or use the teapot for food afterward.
Questions to Consider
- Why does liquid nitrogen boil at room temperature but water does not?
- Why does the teapot whistle when nitrogen gas escapes?
- What does this experiment demonstrate about phase changes and boiling points?
- Why does liquid nitrogen still boil even inside a freezer?
- What safety hazards would occur if the teapot were sealed?