demonstrations:centripetal_force_marble
Centripetal Force Marble
Materials: ★☆☆ Easy to get from supermarket or hardware store
Difficulty: ★☆☆ Can be easily done by most teenagers
Safety: ★☆☆ Minimal safety procedures required
Categories: Force
Alternative titles: Marble Gravitron
Summary
A marble is spun inside a glass. As the marble spins faster, centripetal force from the glass walls keeps it moving in a circular path, temporarily counteracting gravity.
Procedure
- Hold a wine glass (or any oval-shaped glass) upright by its base.
- Drop a marble inside the glass.
- Rotate the glass in a circular motion so the marble rolls around the inner surface.
- Gradually tilt the glass sideways and then upside down while maintaining the marble’s circular motion.
- (Optional) Place the marble in your palm and use the inverted spinning glass to scoop it up, getting it moving inside the glass.
Links
Science minute: Exploring centripetal force - 9NEWS:
📄 Marble Gravitron - Steve Spangler: https://stevespangler.com/experiments/marble-gravitron-2/
Variations
- Try different glass shapes to see how the path of the marble changes.
- Spin marbles of different sizes or weights and compare how long they stay in motion.
- Use two marbles at once to observe their interaction while spinning.
Safety Precautions
- Adult supervision is required, especially when using fragile glass.
- Perform the demonstration over a soft surface like carpet to prevent breakage if the glass or marble is dropped.
- Keep marbles away from small children due to choking hazard.
Questions to Consider
- What force keeps the marble pressed against the inside of the glass? (Centripetal force from the glass walls.)
- Why doesn’t the marble fall when the glass is upside down? (The marble’s inertia and the centripetal force are stronger than gravity while spinning fast.)
- What happens when the glass slows down? (The marble loses centripetal force, gravity takes over, and it falls.)
- How is this similar to the amusement park Gravitron ride? (Both rely on circular motion and centripetal force to hold objects or people against the walls.)