Simulating a Tsunami

A clear Lucite tank is constructed with a hinged flap to simulate undersea disturbances that generate tsunamis. By raising and lowering the flap, waves are created that move toward a model beach, allowing observation of how tsunamis propagate and impact coastal areas.

1. Assemble a Lucite tank (about 92 cm long) using aquarium glue, ensuring watertight seals.
2. Construct a hinged flap with Lucite, washers, and a hinge to act as an impeller for creating waves. Attach a string to lift the flap.
3. Build a sloping beach of sand or gravel at the opposite end of the tank, about 30 cm long. Optional: add toy houses for effect.
4. Fill the tank with water to a shallow depth (about 2.5 cm) and add blue food coloring for visibility.
5. Gently lift and lower the flap with the string to generate waves. Observe how the waves travel, hit the beach, and reflect.
6. Repeat with different water depths, beach slopes, or flap movements to see how tsunami size and impact vary.

Do-it-yourself experiments-Tsunami - STS Global:

📄 How To Simulate A Tsunami For A Science Project - Sciencing: https://www.sciencing.com/how-to-simulate-a-tsunami-for-a-science-project-12762939/

• Change the water depth to see how it affects wave speed and strength.
• Use different beach slopes or materials (sand vs. gravel).
• Add structures (toy houses, Lego buildings) to see how they withstand the waves.
• Compare gentle vs. vigorous flap movements to model smaller vs. larger earthquakes.

• Allow aquarium glue to dry fully before adding water.
• Avoid vigorous wave-making that causes splashing; keep towels nearby.
• Handle Lucite pieces with care to avoid sharp edges.
• Ensure the tank is on a stable, flat surface.

• How does wave size change with water depth?
• What happens when the beach slope is steeper or shallower?
• Which types of “buildings” withstand the waves best? Why?
• How do real-world tsunamis compare to this small-scale model?
• Why is it important for coastal communities to understand tsunami science?