Electromagnetic Train

This project demonstrates the link between electricity and magnetism by creating a simple electromagnetic “train.” A battery with magnets attached is placed inside a copper wire coil. When the circuit is completed, the magnetic fields interact and propel the train through the coil.

1. Gather materials: copper wire (20 gauge), AAA battery, six neodymium magnets, dowel, and tape.
2. Tape one end of the copper wire to the dowel, then wind tightly to form a coil at least 5 inches long.
3. Slide the coil off the dowel and gently stretch it so the loops do not touch each other.
4. Make two stacks of three neodymium magnets. Attach one stack to each end of the battery, ensuring they are oriented so they repel each other.
5. Insert the battery with magnets (“train”) into the coil of wire.
6. Observe as the train moves through the coil, propelled by the magnetic interaction.
7. If the train does not move, flip its direction or adjust magnet orientation.
8. Experiment with longer coils, more magnets, or circular tracks.

How to Build an Electromagnetic Train | STEAM DIY - KiwiCo:

Electro Magnetic Train Experiment (How to make a electro Magnetic Train?) - Kid's Fun Science:

📄 Electromagnetic Train - KiwiCo: https://www.kiwico.com/diy/stem/motion-mechanics/electromagnetic-train?srsltid=AfmBOoqbQABrqtRFDJrVV5_PCojPBUOn7SI3juUYTMllTP6RYCpiMlJb

• Create a circular coil track and watch the train run continuously.
• Compare trains using different numbers of magnets.
• Try different wire gauges to see how resistance affects motion.
• Test how coil length influences train speed and distance.

• Use caution with neodymium magnets — they are strong, can pinch skin, and are very dangerous if swallowed.
• Do not use this with young children.
• The train creates a short circuit, which can quickly drain or overheat the battery — do not leave it running for long periods.
• Avoid contact of magnets with electronics, as they can cause damage.

• How does electricity in the coil create a magnetic field? (A current through the wire generates a magnetic field around it.)
• Why does the train move forward instead of just sitting in place? (The coil’s magnetic field interacts with the battery’s magnets, producing a push.)
• What happens if you flip the battery and magnets around? (The direction of motion reverses.)
• Why does the battery eventually stop working? (The setup forms a short circuit, which quickly drains the battery.)
• How is this related to real-world electric motors and maglev trains? (Both rely on forces from interacting magnetic fields to create motion.)