======Sublimation of Iodine======


<WRAP right box>
**Materials: **{{$demo.materials_description}}\\
**Difficulty: **{{$demo.difficulty_description}}\\
**Safety: **{{$demo.safety_description}}\\
\\
**Categories:** {{$demo.categories}}
\\


**Alternative titles:** Solid to Vapor Transition of Iodine
</WRAP>

====Summary====                   
{{$demo.summary}}



====Procedure====  
  - Place about 2 g of iodine crystals into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask.  
  - Cover the mouth of the flask with a watch glass that has ice placed on top.  
  - Slowly heat the flask on a hot plate.  
  - Observe as purple iodine vapor forms and deposits solid iodine crystals on the underside of the watch glass.



====Links==== 
Chemistry experiment 47 - Sublimation of Iodine - koen2all: 
{{youtube>jX9pskbKSw0?}}\\

📄 The Sublimation of Iodine - lsa.umich: [[https://lsa.umich.edu/content/dam/chem-assets/chem-docs/teaching%20lab%20docs/Sublimation%20of%20Iodine.pdf]]\\

====Variations====
  * Use a test tube instead of a flask for a smaller-scale demonstration.  
  * Capture time-lapse images to show the sublimation and deposition process.  
  * Compare sublimation with substances that melt before vaporizing, highlighting differences in phase changes.



====Safety Precautions====
  * Wear safety goggles, gloves, and a lab coat.  
  * Iodine vapors are toxic and irritating; perform the demonstration in a fume hood.  
  * Avoid skin contact with iodine crystals.
  * Dispose of iodine-containing waste according to hazardous chemical waste guidelines.




====Questions to Consider====
  * What type of phase change does iodine undergo in this experiment? (Sublimation, solid to gas.)  
  * Why do iodine crystals form on the cooled watch glass? (The vapor condenses and deposits as solid iodine upon cooling.)  
  * How does sublimation differ from melting and boiling? (Sublimation skips the liquid phase, going directly from solid to gas.)  
  * Can you name other substances that undergo sublimation under standard conditions? (Dry ice, naphthalene.)