======Frog Dissection======


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**Safety: **{{$demo.safety_description}}\\
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====Summary====                   
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====Procedure====  
  *Follow instructions provided in the links below.




====Links==== 
Frog Dissection | 7th Grade Life Science - Love Them Well: 
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📄 Frog Dissection Lab - Home Science Tools: [[https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/wp-content/uploads/HST-Frog-Dissection.pdf]]\\

📄 Frog Dissection - Southern Biological: [[https://www.southernbiological.com/frog-dissection/?srsltid=AfmBOoraWx0oYl3KzcZfDxEahueCaia9Pczi5jafw13P6lZQBVA620ba]]\\

📄 Frog Virtual Dissection - dcc.ilc.org: [[https://dcc.ilc.org/snc2d/14/the_frog_a_virtual_dissec/the_frog_a_virtual_dissec.html]]\\


====Variations====
  *Compare male vs. female frogs (size of tympanum vs. eye, presence of testes or ovaries).
  *Quantify organ mass or length (e.g., liver lobe mass, small intestine length) and relate to function.
  *Trace a food particle’s path through the digestive system and annotate each organ’s role.
  *Use a virtual or 3D model alongside the specimen to correlate surface and internal landmarks.
  *Relate respiratory surfaces by gently inflating a lung with a pipette bulb (instructor demonstration only).
  *Compare amphibian anatomy to a fish or mammal model to highlight evolutionary adaptations.




====Safety Precautions====
  *Wear gloves and a lab coat; tie back hair and avoid loose sleeves.
  *Cut only on the dissecting tray with the specimen resting flat; never cut while holding the specimen.
  *Handle scalpels and scissors with care; pass tools handle-first and dispose of blades in approved sharps containers.
  *Treat preservatives and tissues as potential irritants; work in a well-ventilated area and avoid skin and eye contact.
  *Keep food and drink out of the lab; do not conduct dissections near food preparation areas.
  *Disinfect benches and tools before and after the lab; wash hands thoroughly after cleanup.
  *Follow institutional rules for biological waste and chemical preservative disposal.
  *Provide nitrile gloves for those with latex sensitivity.





====Questions to Consider====
  *Why are the hindlimbs longer and more muscular than the forelimbs? (They power jumping and swimming, reflecting locomotor demands.)
  *What is the function of the tympanic membrane and eustachian tubes? (The tympanum receives sound; the tubes equalize middle ear pressure.)
  *Why do frogs have vomerine and maxillary teeth if they swallow food whole? (They help grip prey to prevent escape before swallowing.)
  *What roles do the liver and gallbladder play in digestion? (The liver produces bile; the gallbladder stores and concentrates bile for fat emulsification.)
  *Why are the fat bodies prominent in some specimens? (They store energy for reproduction and overwintering; size varies with season and sex.)
  *How does the three-chambered frog heart affect circulation compared to a four-chambered mammalian heart? (Partial mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood can occur, reducing separation of circuits.)
  *Where is gas exchange accomplished, and how is it adapted to amphibian life? (In lungs and across moist skin; cutaneous respiration supplements lung function.)
  *What structural features increase digestive surface area? (Villi and length of the small intestine increase absorptive area.)
  *How does the cloaca differ from separate openings in many mammals? (It is a common exit for digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.)
  *Which observed structures best illustrate hierarchical organization from cells to systems? (Tissues forming organs like liver or lungs, integrated into digestive and respiratory systems.)