======Baking Soda and Vinegar Volcano======


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**Materials: **{{$demo.materials_description}}\\
**Difficulty: **{{$demo.difficulty_description}}\\
**Safety: **{{$demo.safety_description}}\\
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**Categories:** {{$demo.categories}}
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**Alternative titles:** Erupting Volcano Model
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====Summary====                   
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====Procedure====  
  - Cut and shape a piece of card into a cone that can fit over a plastic bottle, leaving the neck of the bottle exposed.  
  - Secure the cone to a flat base and decorate it with paint to resemble a volcano. Allow it to dry.  
  - Mix bicarbonate of soda, washing-up liquid, and water in a small bowl, then pour this mixture into the bottle inside the volcano.  
  - In a separate cup, mix vinegar with food coloring.  
  - When ready, pour the vinegar mixture into the volcano’s bottle and stand back to observe the eruption.  
  - Try adjusting the amounts of bicarbonate or vinegar to see how the eruption changes.



====Links==== 
Cool Volcano Science Experiment with Vinegar and Baking Soda - TheDadLab: 
{{youtube>dIvXnqQaSwM?}}\\

How To Make An Easy Baking Soda And Vinegar Volcano Eruption - SCIENCE FUN For Everyone!: 
{{youtube>x8--3M7GGCA?}}\\

📄 How to Make a Volcano - Natural History Museum: [[https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-to-make-a-volcano.html]]\\


====Variations====
  * Use different food coloring to create different lava effects.  
  * Try adding glitter or sand to simulate ash or pyroclastic material.  
  * Build larger or differently shaped volcanoes to compare eruption flow.



====Safety Precautions====
  * Work on a wipe-clean or washable surface for easy cleanup.  
  * Stand back during the eruption to avoid splashes getting in the eyes.  
  * Ensure good ventilation when mixing ingredients.  
  * Handle scissors carefully when cutting card.




====Questions to Consider====
  * What causes the fizzing and foaming in the volcano eruption? (The acid in vinegar reacts with the base bicarbonate of soda, releasing carbon dioxide gas which creates bubbles.)  
  * How does adding more bicarbonate or more vinegar affect the eruption? (It changes the volume, speed, and duration of the foamy reaction.)  
  * In what ways does this model represent a real volcanic eruption, and in what ways is it different? (It mimics flowing lava and pressure release, but real volcanoes involve molten rock, gases, and tectonic processes.)